Lesson 8 Third Declension

I. Introduction

• Review definition of the 1-, 2-, 3-declensions (Noun Rule 1)
• Noun Rules: review rules 1-6; new: rules 7 & 8.

II. Case Endings

• 3-dec has its own set of case endings (but many same or similar)
• it is very important that you memorize the gen sg too (to get stem)
  e.g., memorize σάρξ, σαρκός, ἡ (thus stem = σαρκ-)
• a walk-through of paradigm σάρξ

III. Major classes

1. Mute stems (see paradigms)
   • velar stems: σάρξ
   • dental stems: χάρις
2. Liquid stems (-ν and -ντ) (see paradigms)
   • ν stems: αἰών, τις (see paradigm), εἷς (see paradigm)
   • ντ stems: πᾶς (see paradigm)
3. Syncopated stems (-ερ): πατήρ, ἀνήρ (see paradigms)
4. Neuter -ματ stems: ὄνομα (see paradigm)
5. Neuter -εσ stems: ἔθνος
6. Consonantal ι stems: πίστις (see paradigm)
7. Digamma stems (-ευ and -ου)
   • ευ stems: βασιλεύς
   • ου stems: νοῦς

IV. Gender

• all nouns of -ματ and -εσ stems are neuter
• all nouns of consonantal ι stems are feminine
• all nouns of -ευ stems are masculine
• for others, you must memorize gender of every noun. (The article is your friend!)

Examples
John 1:14 Καὶ ὁ λόγος σὰρξ ἐγένετο (he/she/it became).

John 1:26 ἐγὼ βαπτίζω (I baptize) ἐν ὕδατι.

John 4:17 οὐκ ἔχω ἄνδρα.

John 10:30 ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ πατὴρ ἕν ἐσμεν.

John 5:43 ἐγὼ ἐλήλυθα (I have come) ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρός μου.

Matt 12:27 οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν ἐν τίνι ἐκβάλλουσιν (they cast out);

Luke 18:2 κριτής (a judge) τις ἦν ἔν τινι πόλει.

1Cor 9:22 τοῖς πᾶσιν γέγονα (I have become) πάντα, ἵνα πάντως (by all means) τινὰς σώσω (I might save).

Jas 2:24 ἐξ ἔργων δικαιοῦται (he/she/it is justified) ἄνθρωπος καὶ οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως μόνον.
 

Memorization
2Cor 13:14 (GNT 13:13) Ἡ χάρις τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Xριστοῦ καὶ ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ ἡ κοινωνία (fellowship) τοῦ ἁγίου πνεύματος μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν.
 
 
 

Assignments
Vocabulary. Master Case Ending Chart and The 8 Noun Rules. Exercise 8, and the remaining part of Exercise 7.

Go over the paradigms of classes 1-4 and 6 (e.g., σάρξ, χάρις, εἷς, πᾶς, πατήρ, ἀνήρ, ὄνομα, πίστις). Do not try to memorize them. Instead, see how the master chart and rules are applied. Concentrate on recognition.

For paradigms of classes 5 and 7, ignore them for now. Come back when you learn new vocabulary: e.g., βασιλεύς in lesson 12, ἔθνος in 24.